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uCi
cm
uR/hr
Enter or Select Isotope
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C-11
N-13
N-16
O-15
F-18
Na-22
Na-24
Ar-41
K-40
K-42
Cr-51
Mn-54
Fe-59
Co-57
Co-58
Co-60
Cu-64
Zn-65
Ga-67
Se-75
Kr-81m
Kr-85
Kr-85m
Kr-87
Kr-88
Kr-89
Rb-81
Rb-82
Rb-83
Sr-89
Sr-92
Y-88
Zr-89
Zr-95
Nb-94
Nb-95
Mo-99
Tc-99m
Ru-103
Pd-103
Ag-108m
Ag-110m
Cd-109
In-111
Sb-122
Sb-124
Sb-125
Te-123m
Te-127
Te-129
Te-132
I-123
I-124
I-125
I-129
I-131
Xe-131m
Xe-133
Xe-133m
Xe-135
Xe-135m
Cs-131
Cs-134
Cs-137
Ba-131
Ba-133
Ba-137m
Ba-140
La-140
Ce-141
Ce-144
Pr-144
Pm-147
Eu-152
Eu-154
Eu-155
Sm-153
Dy-165
Ho-166
Yb-169
Lu-177
W-187
Re-188
Ir-192
Tl-201
Pb-210
Bi-210m
Bi-213
Ra-223
Ra-224
Ra-226
Th-228
Th-230
Th-232
Pa-233
U-232
U-235
U-236
U-238
Np-237
Pu-239
Am-241
Cm-243
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Calculated Dose-Rate
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uR/hr
mR/hr
R/hr
urem/hr
mrem/hr
rem/hr
uSv/hr
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Sv/hr
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uCi
mCi
Ci
Bq
MBq
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Gamma Emitter Point Source Dose-Rate <--to--> Activity and Shielding Calculations (In Air)
Activity to Dose-Rate
Dose-Rate to Activity
Activity and Dose-Rate
Shield Thickness
Add Shielding
Gamma Emission and Exposure Rate
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This page calculates the dose-rate from point source, gamma emitting isotopes at any distance. The reverse calculation, determining the activity of a source from a known dose-rate may also be performed. Radiation shielding may be added as well for predicting dose-rates from commonly used shielding materials. The activity of a source in a pig may be calculated without having to remove the source, given that the dose-rate outside of the pig is measurable. A third useful calculation is shield thickness. Input the current dose-rate and the desired dose-rate and the thickness of the shield required will be calculated for you. Other common, expensive computer codes do not perform that calculation. The shielding calculations use the latest coefficients from NIST (see references). You may use the linear attenuation coefficient, the linear energy absorption coefficient or the linear attenuation coefficient with a buildup factor. In general, the latter with buildup should be the most accurate, but the choice is the user's. For an explanation of which one to use, read the shielding and buildup white paper on this site by clicking on the "Documents/Shielding" button above. Isotopes available for calculation are the most common gamma emitters at nuclear power reactors, in nuclear medicine use and at university, government and industrial research facilities.